![]() One important determinant of the rememberer's performance in episodic tasks includes the way he or she thinks about the material to be remembered as it is studied, the so-called encoding operations. Material, the length of the retention interval between study and test, and other such obvious factors. They include ability differences among subjects, the type of information presented for study, the amount of time and effort devoted to learning, subjects' previous knowledge of the to-be-learned Many variables affect performance on episodic memory tasks. Episodic memory tasks are sometimes also referred to as explicit memory tasks. a subsequent test during which some aspect of the experience is retrieved (Time 2). an original study experience during which individual items, such as words, are encoded and stored by the learner (Time 1), and 2. In the laboratory these situations are formalized as "tasks." A prototypical laboratory task of episodic memory consists of 1. ![]() Such situations occur frequently in real life where something happens at one time (Time 1) and the individual who witnessed the happening remembers it at a later time (Time 2). Episodic Memory TasksĮpisodic memory in the first sense manifests itself when a person remembers some information acquired on a particular occasion. This entry will consider the two senses in turn. Although closely related, the two senses (episodic tasks and the episodic system) should not be confused. ![]() One of these has to do with episodic memory as a particular class of laboratory tasks or experiments (Lockhart, 2000) another concerns episodic memory as a kind of mental capacity, or a neurocognitive system (Schacter and Tulving, 1994), that allows people to remember past experiences. The term episodic memory is used in several senses. As a result of the pursuit of these questions it became widely if not universally accepted that there exist different kinds of memory. ![]() Psychologists have been studying memory experimentally since Hermann Ebbinghaus's (1885) groundbreaking work more than a hundred years ago, but only in the late twentieth century were questions raised about exactly what has been and is being studied in memory experiments. ![]()
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